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Drought and war during the 1980s and early '90s brought many refugees to Djibouti from Somalia and Ethiopia, swelling its population.Ĥ. Built on three level areas linked by jetties, the city has a mixture of ancient and modern architecture. The economic life of both the city and the nation depends on the city's function as a transshipment point, especially between Ethiopia and the Red Sea trade.

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Linked by rail to Addis Ababa in 1917, it was made a free port in 1949. Located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Tadjoura in the Gulf of Aden, it was founded by the French in 1888 and made the capital of French Somaliland in 1892. City (population in 1995 estimated: 383,000), major port and capital of Djibouti. From the 1990s the country suffered from political unrest.ģ. In the late 20th century it received refugees from the Ethiopian-Somali war and from civil conflicts in Eritrea. In 1946 it became a French overseas territory and in 1977 gained its independence. Arabs controlled the trade in this region until the 16th century it became the French protectorate of French Somaliland in 1888. In AD 825 Islam was brought to the area by missionaries. Settled ƹ 3rd century BC by the Arab ancestors of the Afars, it was later populated by Somali Issas. The country is a republic with one legislative house its head of state and government is the president.

Djibouti has a developing market economy that is based almost entirely on trade and commercial services, centring on Djibouti city. The land is primarily desert hot, dry and desolate. Djibouti is divided into three principal regions: the coastal plain the volcanic plateaus in the country's south and centre and the mountain ranges in the north, reaching 6,654 ft (2,028 m) at Mount Mousâ. Languages: French, Arabic (both official). Over half of the people are Issas and related Somali clans Afars are nearly two-fifths the balance includes Yemeni Arabs and Europeans, mostly French. officially Republic of Djibouti formerly (1885–1967) French Somaliland (1967–77) French Territory of the Afars and Issas Country, eastern Africa, on the Gulf of Aden at the entrance to the Red Sea. Republic of Djibouti, republic in eastern Africa capital of this republicĢ.